NLRB Stats Archive › Annual Reports › FY1998 › Geographic Distribution of Representation Elections Held in Cases Closed, Fiscal Year 1998
Stitched from pp. 177–179.
| Division and State | Total elections | Number of elections in which representation rights were won by unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Valid votes cast for unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division and State | Total elections | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Other national unions | Other local unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Other national unions | Other local unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation |
| Maine | 18 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1,524 | 1,491 | 600 | 553 | 47 | 0 | 891 | 164 |
| New Hampshire | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 405 | 400 | 160 | 160 | 0 | 0 | 240 | 66 |
| Vermont | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 682 | 665 | 272 | 272 | 0 | 0 | 393 | 332 |
| Massachusetts | 98 | 56 | 50 | 6 | 0 | 42 | 6,075 | 5,878 | 3,066 | 2,200 | 866 | 0 | 2,812 | 3,454 |
| Rhode Island | 19 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1,116 | 1,048 | 529 | 519 | 0 | 10 | 519 | 432 |
| Connecticut | 96 | 60 | 50 | 0 | 10 | 36 | 6,275 | 5,424 | 2,992 | 2,178 | 31 | 783 | 2,432 | 4,330 |
| New England | 243 | 135 | 118 | 6 | 11 | 108 | 16,077 | 14,906 | 7,619 | 5,882 | 944 | 793 | 7,287 | 8,778 |
| New York | 322 | 164 | 128 | 5 | 31 | 158 | 18,854 | 14,826 | 7,265 | 5,324 | 263 | 1,678 | 7,561 | 9,142 |
| New Jersey | 199 | 91 | 78 | 2 | 11 | 108 | 9,077 | 7,718 | 3,635 | 3,151 | 118 | 366 | 4,083 | 3,253 |
| Pennsylvania | 228 | 106 | 95 | 3 | 8 | 122 | 12,972 | 11,338 | 5,248 | 4,069 | 102 | 1,077 | 6,090 | 4,857 |
| Middle Atlantic | 749 | 361 | 301 | 10 | 50 | 388 | 40,903 | 33,882 | 16,148 | 12,544 | 483 | 3,121 | 17,734 | 17,252 |
| Ohio | 228 | 93 | 90 | 2 | 1 | 135 | 15,999 | 14,593 | 6,759 | 6,306 | 447 | 6 | 7,834 | 4,428 |
| Indiana | 112 | 57 | 56 | 1 | 0 | 55 | 5,262 | 4,691 | 2,345 | 2,333 | 12 | 0 | 2,346 | 2,143 |
| Illinois | 305 | 155 | 137 | 10 | 8 | 150 | 21,443 | 18,601 | 10,096 | 7,951 | 1,063 | 1,082 | 8,505 | 10,530 |
| Michigan | 196 | 87 | 85 | 1 | 1 | 109 | 13,217 | 9,544 | 4,489 | 4,280 | 89 | 120 | 5,055 | 3,878 |
| Wisconsin | 110 | 47 | 43 | 1 | 3 | 63 | 6,256 | 5,557 | 2,779 | 2,647 | 36 | 96 | 2,778 | 2,109 |
| East North Central | 951 | 439 | 411 | 15 | 13 | 512 | 62,177 | 52,986 | 26,468 | 23,517 | 1,647 | 1,304 | 26,518 | 23,088 |
| Iowa | 43 | 20 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 23 | 2,675 | 2,316 | 1,278 | 1,203 | 75 | 0 | 1,038 | 1,752 |
| Minnesota | 105 | 54 | 48 | 1 | 5 | 51 | 7,296 | 6,443 | 3,066 | 2,682 | 24 | 360 | 3,377 | 3,018 |
| Missouri | 118 | 60 | 50 | 1 | 9 | 58 | 5,785 | 5,207 | 2,782 | 1,985 | 50 | 747 | 2,425 | 3,413 |
| North Dakota | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 672 | 580 | 223 | 77 | 0 | 146 | 357 | 0 |
| South Dakota | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 62 | 40 | 23 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 29 |
| Nebraska | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 480 | 370 | 195 | 195 | 0 | 0 | 175 | 353 |
| Kansas | 36 | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 6,461 | 5,723 | 2,561 | 1,380 | 52 | 1,129 | 3,162 | 567 |
| West North Central | 326 | 156 | 138 | 4 | 14 | 170 | 23,431 | 20,679 | 10,128 | 7,545 | 201 | 2,382 | 10,551 | 9,132 |
| Delaware | 16 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1,166 | 1,041 | 358 | 358 | 0 | 0 | 683 | 210 |
| Maryland | 48 | 22 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 2,620 | 2,303 | 1,141 | 1,104 | 0 | 37 | 1,162 | 908 |
| District of Columbia | 16 | 14 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 997 | 678 | 564 | 111 | 0 | 453 | 114 | 982 |
| Virginia | 30 | 19 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 5,227 | 4,851 | 1,674 | 1,661 | 0 | 13 | 3,177 | 1,394 |
| West Virginia | 39 | 22 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 3,281 | 2,946 | 1,385 | 1,172 | 191 | 22 | 1,561 | 897 |
| North Carolina | 26 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 4,383 | 4,067 | 1,595 | 1,536 | 39 | 20 | 2,472 | 238 |
| South Carolina | 10 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 748 | 711 | 328 | 328 | 0 | 0 | 383 | 296 |
| Georgia | 42 | 20 | 17 | 1 | 2 | 22 | 3,445 | 2,957 | 1,497 | 1,445 | 39 | 13 | 1,460 | 1,923 |
| Florida | 98 | 51 | 46 | 2 | 3 | 47 | 7,723 | 7,480 | 3,510 | 3,384 | 40 | 86 | 3,970 | 2,816 |
| South Atlantic | 325 | 163 | 146 | 5 | 12 | 162 | 29,590 | 27,034 | 12,052 | 11,099 | 309 | 644 | 14,982 | 9,664 |
| Kentucky | 59 | 28 | 23 | 5 | 0 | 31 | 6,611 | 5,912 | 2,536 | 2,362 | 174 | 0 | 3,376 | 2,173 |
| Tennessee | 51 | 29 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 22 | 3,112 | 2,861 | 1,514 | 1,484 | 13 | 17 | 1,347 | 1,995 |
| Alabama | 43 | 21 | 20 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 6,395 | 6,045 | 2,179 | 2,132 | 42 | 5 | 3,866 | 1,004 |
| Mississippi | 13 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1,278 | 1,150 | 489 | 473 | 0 | 16 | 661 | 363 |
| East South Central | 166 | 84 | 75 | 6 | 3 | 82 | 17,396 | 15,968 | 6,718 | 6,451 | 229 | 38 | 9,250 | 5,535 |
| Arkansas | 24 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 2,393 | 2,221 | 1,129 | 1,120 | 0 | 9 | 1,092 | 1,396 |
| Louisiana | 30 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 2,101 | 1,807 | 833 | 690 | 100 | 43 | 974 | 844 |
| Oklahoma | 21 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1,589 | 1,395 | 535 | 532 | 3 | 0 | 860 | 242 |
| Texas | 69 | 31 | 28 | 0 | 3 | 38 | 5,578 | 4,957 | 2,313 | 2,188 | 4 | 121 | 2,644 | 1,894 |
| West South Central | 144 | 64 | 58 | 2 | 4 | 80 | 11,661 | 10,380 | 4,810 | 4,530 | 107 | 173 | 5,570 | 4,376 |
| Montana | 21 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 593 | 496 | 276 | 218 | 0 | 58 | 220 | 290 |
| Idaho | 8 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 183 | 139 | 100 | 91 | 0 | 9 | 39 | 163 |
| Wyoming | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 270 | 237 | 85 | 85 | 0 | 0 | 152 | 4 |
| Colorado | 23 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 695 | 596 | 272 | 270 | 2 | 0 | 324 | 374 |
| New Mexico | 17 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1,598 | 1,476 | 948 | 940 | 8 | 0 | 528 | 1,236 |
| Arizona | 25 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 2,920 | 2,525 | 1,432 | 1,412 | 20 | 0 | 1,093 | 1,520 |
| Utah | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 144 | 134 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 86 | 35 |
| Nevada | 36 | 19 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 1,118 | 934 | 442 | 442 | 0 | 0 | 492 | 418 |
| Mountain | 140 | 73 | 69 | 2 | 2 | 67 | 7,521 | 6,537 | 3,603 | 3,506 | 30 | 67 | 2,934 | 4,040 |
| Washington | 142 | 64 | 60 | 1 | 3 | 78 | 8,116 | 6,605 | 3,478 | 3,023 | 345 | 110 | 3,127 | 4,057 |
| Oregon | 64 | 26 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 38 | 2,645 | 2,297 | 1,123 | 901 | 69 | 153 | 1,174 | 1,085 |
| California | 410 | 218 | 206 | 1 | 11 | 192 | 23,309 | 19,619 | 9,788 | 8,410 | 238 | 1,140 | 9,831 | 10,077 |
| Alaska | 29 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1,044 | 850 | 455 | 455 | 0 | 0 | 395 | 394 |
| Hawaii | 49 | 23 | 20 | 0 | 3 | 26 | 2,512 | 2,114 | 1,016 | 717 | 0 | 299 | 1,098 | 1,049 |
| Guam | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 771 | 680 | 238 | 238 | 0 | 0 | 442 | 84 |
| Pacific | 698 | 347 | 324 | 4 | 19 | 351 | 38,397 | 32,165 | 16,098 | 13,744 | 652 | 1,702 | 16,067 | 16,746 |
| Perto Rico | 46 | 29 | 5 | 0 | 24 | 17 | 3,056 | 2,653 | 1,457 | 162 | 0 | 1,295 | 1,196 | 1,695 |
| Virgin Island | 7 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 517 | 405 | 212 | 212 | 0 | 0 | 193 | 229 |
| Outlying Areas | 53 | 34 | 10 | 0 | 24 | 19 | 3,573 | 3,058 | 1,669 | 374 | 0 | 1,295 | 1,389 | 1,924 |
| Total, all States and areas | 3,795 | 1,856 | 1,650 | 54 | 152 | 1,939 | 250,726 | 217,595 | 105,313 | 89,192 | 4,602 | 11,519 | 112,282 | 100,535 |
807 of 807 figures sit in a row or column sum that works out.
p. 177. The crop shows only the first part of Table 15A: the body ends at the "West North Central" division subtotal (a double rule closes the crop), so the remaining divisions/states and the table's total line and footnote texts are on the continuation page and are not on this image. The stub heading carries a superscript 1 ("Division and State^1"), but the footnote 1 text is not printed within this crop, so `footnotes` is empty. The division subtotal rows (New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central) are printed indented and set off by rules; they are transcribed as ordinary rows with their printed labels. All arithmetic cross-checks pass: in every state row the union "Total" valid votes equal AFL-CIO + other national + other local, total valid votes cast equal union total + votes for no union, and every division subtotal equals the sum of its states in all 14 numeric columns. No misprints detected. The scan renders many lowercase i's as dotless (e.g. "Mıchıgan", "Illınoıs", "Valıd", "Elıgıble"); these are scanning artifacts and the labels/headings are transcribed with normal spelling. Two stray ink specks appear in the blank stub area beside the Massachusetts and Michigan rows and a small mark at the left edge of the New England row; they are not characters and are ignored.
p. 178. Crop is a continuation page: it begins mid-table with the South Atlantic division's states (no caption-level division label rows are printed for the state groups; divisions are identified only by their subtotal lines South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central). The crop ends after Nevada, so the Mountain division subtotal and the remainder of the table are cut off below. No footnote text is printed within the crop, although the stub heading carries marker 1 ("Division and State^1"); that note presumably appears on the table's final page. Doubtful/scan-artifact cells, all resolved by cross-footing against the division subtotals (every column of all three subtotal rows checks out exactly): - Alabama, "Valid votes cast for unions / AFL-CIO unions": printed as "2 132" with the digit-grouping comma missing or dropped out in the scan; transcribed as 2,132, which is confirmed by 2,132 + 42 + 5 = 2,179 (the row's union total) and by the East South Central AFL-CIO subtotal of 6,451. - West Virginia, "Number of elections in which no representative was chosen": a short stray dash follows the figure ("17-"); the value is 17 (22 + 17 = 39 total elections). - North Carolina "Other local unions" (won), Oklahoma "Other local unions" (won) and Nevada "Total" (won) each have a small stray ink speck printed to the left of the figure; values read 1, 0 and 19 respectively, all confirmed by the subtotals. - A stray character sits in the left margin beside the Arizona row label; it is not a footnote marker on the label. The scan renders many lowercase "i" letters dotless in the column headings (e.g. "elections in which"); headings are transcribed with normal spelling, with end-of-line hyphens repaired ("AFL-CIO unions", "Eligible employees in units choosing representation").
p. 179. The page continues Table 15A from the preceding page, so the first body row, "Mountain", is a division subtotal whose member States appear on the earlier page; the indented rows "Mountain", "Pacific" and "Outlying Areas" are division/area subtotals, printed set off by heavier rules. "Perto Rico" is transcribed exactly as printed; it is evidently a misprint for "Puerto Rico". "Virgin Island" is likewise printed in the singular. The scan renders many dotted i's as dotless (e.g. "Division and State", "Hawaii", "California"); these are scan artifacts of the typeface, not variant spellings, and have been transcribed with normal letters. The 15th column heading is printed broken across lines as "Eligible employ- ees in units choos- ing rep- resentati on"; it is joined here as "Eligible employees in units choosing representation". All subtotal and total rows that can be checked against the rows printed on this page add correctly (the six Pacific States sum to the Pacific line, and Perto Rico plus Virgin Island sum to the Outlying Areas line) in every one of the 14 numeric columns, which supports the column assignment. No doubtful or illegible cells.
Source data: U.S. NLRB Annual Reports (public domain). Reconstruction by NLRB Stats Archive. Read by claude-opus-5 (effort max, prompt extract_v1) from the 300-dpi scan; stitched by page. Updated October 2026.