NLRB Stats Archive › Annual Reports › FY1997 › Geographic Distribution of Collective-Bargaining Elections Held in Cases Closed, Fiscal Year 1997
Stitched from pp. 155–157.
| Division and State | Total elections | Number of elections in which representation rights were won by unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Valid votes cast for unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division and State | Total elections | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Other national unions | Other local unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Other national unions | Other local unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation |
| Maine | 10 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1,764 | 1,675 | 777 | 701 | 76 | 0 | 898 | 475 |
| New Hampshire | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 135 | 135 | 48 | 11 | 37 | 0 | 87 | 65 |
| Vermont | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 197 | 194 | 84 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 110 | 75 |
| Massachusetts | 76 | 37 | 31 | 2 | 4 | 39 | 4,761 | 4,554 | 2,199 | 1,882 | 155 | 162 | 2,355 | 1,490 |
| Rhode Island | 24 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 1,806 | 1,734 | 814 | 713 | 101 | 0 | 920 | 532 |
| Connecticut | 52 | 31 | 29 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 2,048 | 1,799 | 1,098 | 1,059 | 0 | 39 | 701 | 1,113 |
| New England | 170 | 89 | 77 | 6 | 6 | 81 | 10,711 | 10,091 | 5,020 | 4,450 | 369 | 201 | 5,071 | 3,750 |
| New York | 276 | 170 | 136 | 11 | 23 | 106 | 17,751 | 14,429 | 7,757 | 6,070 | 482 | 1,205 | 6,672 | 10,431 |
| New Jersey | 154 | 66 | 57 | 1 | 8 | 88 | 10,318 | 8,691 | 3,823 | 3,425 | 164 | 234 | 4,868 | 3,898 |
| Pennsylvania | 209 | 101 | 80 | 8 | 13 | 108 | 19,313 | 16,844 | 7,444 | 5,653 | 190 | 1,601 | 9,400 | 6,139 |
| Middle Atlantic | 639 | 337 | 273 | 20 | 44 | 302 | 47,382 | 39,964 | 19,024 | 15,148 | 836 | 3,040 | 20,940 | 20,468 |
| Ohio | 188 | 73 | 72 | 0 | 1 | 115 | 15,238 | 13,966 | 6,193 | 6,117 | 11 | 65 | 7,773 | 3,770 |
| Indiana | 82 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 54 | 6,637 | 6,137 | 2,646 | 2,518 | 107 | 21 | 3,491 | 1,656 |
| Illinois | 231 | 123 | 109 | 4 | 10 | 108 | 12,384 | 10,806 | 5,917 | 4,784 | 428 | 705 | 4,889 | 5,329 |
| Michigan | 160 | 92 | 89 | 1 | 2 | 68 | 10,334 | 8,961 | 4,706 | 4,522 | 13 | 171 | 4,255 | 6,810 |
| Wisconsin | 90 | 50 | 42 | 1 | 7 | 40 | 5,989 | 5,342 | 2,711 | 2,128 | 340 | 243 | 2,631 | 3,227 |
| East North Central | 751 | 366 | 338 | 8 | 20 | 385 | 50,582 | 45,212 | 22,173 | 20,069 | 899 | 1,205 | 23,039 | 20,792 |
| Iowa | 27 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 16 | 1,682 | 1,533 | 752 | 641 | 111 | 0 | 781 | 882 |
| Minnesota | 72 | 35 | 33 | 1 | 1 | 37 | 4,666 | 3,908 | 1,883 | 1,636 | 52 | 195 | 2,025 | 2,096 |
| Missouri | 110 | 52 | 47 | 3 | 2 | 58 | 5,859 | 5,091 | 2,171 | 1,954 | 48 | 169 | 2,920 | 1,847 |
| North Dakota | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 685 | 582 | 241 | 135 | 106 | 0 | 341 | 92 |
| South Dakota | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 458 | 405 | 168 | 168 | 0 | 0 | 237 | 16 |
| Nebraska | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 264 | 239 | 114 | 114 | 0 | 0 | 125 | 83 |
| Kansas | 22 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 1,580 | 1,314 | 590 | 552 | 25 | 13 | 724 | 625 |
| West North Central | 251 | 116 | 106 | 7 | 3 | 135 | 15,194 | 13,072 | 5,919 | 5,200 | 342 | 377 | 7,153 | 5,641 |
| Delaware | 21 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 784 | 698 | 241 | 233 | 0 | 8 | 457 | 211 |
| Maryland | 62 | 27 | 22 | 0 | 5 | 35 | 3,965 | 3,275 | 1,460 | 1,036 | 172 | 252 | 1,815 | 1,065 |
| District of Columbia | 8 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 204 | 157 | 140 | 65 | 0 | 75 | 17 | 186 |
| Virginia | 30 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 2,910 | 2,639 | 1,087 | 800 | 150 | 137 | 1,552 | 620 |
| West Virginia | 23 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 1,465 | 1,328 | 640 | 355 | 285 | 0 | 688 | 538 |
| North Carolina | 21 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2,015 | 1,857 | 867 | 867 | 0 | 0 | 990 | 1,009 |
| South Carolina | 12 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1,306 | 1,195 | 578 | 578 | 0 | 0 | 617 | 536 |
| Georgia | 33 | 16 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 1,909 | 1,661 | 742 | 714 | 0 | 28 | 919 | 902 |
| Florida | 83 | 48 | 43 | 0 | 5 | 35 | 6,165 | 3,141 | 2,986 | 1 | 1 | 154 | 3,024 | 3,358 |
| South Atlantic | 293 | 148 | 126 | 5 | 17 | 145 | 20,933 | 18,975 | 8,896 | 7,634 | 608 | 654 | 10,079 | 8,425 |
| Kentucky | 54 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 4,770 | 4,369 | 2,180 | 1,851 | 329 | 0 | 2,189 | 2,667 |
| Tennessee | 39 | 13 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 3,970 | 3,672 | 1,578 | 1,574 | 0 | 4 | 2,094 | 1,288 |
| Alabama | 24 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 1,382 | 1,321 | 557 | 459 | 79 | 19 | 764 | 323 |
| Mississippi | 22 | 9 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 2,223 | 2,033 | 969 | 969 | 0 | 0 | 1,064 | 1,035 |
| East South Central | 139 | 56 | 51 | 3 | 2 | 83 | 12,345 | 11,395 | 5,284 | 4,853 | 408 | 23 | 6,111 | 5,313 |
| Arkansas | 13 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 1,581 | 1,457 | 679 | 664 | 15 | 0 | 778 | 364 |
| Louisiana | 30 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 1,624 | 1,363 | 553 | 443 | 5 | 105 | 810 | 458 |
| Oklahoma | 17 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1,368 | 1,284 | 569 | 569 | 0 | 0 | 715 | 491 |
| Texas | 57 | 34 | 29 | 0 | 5 | 23 | 4,484 | 3,502 | 1,837 | 1,745 | 0 | 92 | 1,665 | 2,767 |
| West South Central | 117 | 55 | 48 | 2 | 5 | 62 | 9,057 | 7,606 | 3,638 | 3,421 | 20 | 197 | 3,968 | 4,080 |
| Montana | 15 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 299 | 232 | 120 | 103 | 17 | 0 | 112 | 216 |
| Idaho | 13 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 482 | 331 | 235 | 156 | 76 | 3 | 96 | 334 |
| Wyoming | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 292 | 260 | 111 | 111 | 0 | 0 | 149 | 63 |
| Colorado | 22 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 12 | 927 | 823 | 418 | 323 | 86 | 9 | 405 | 491 |
| New Mexico | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 643 | 583 | 269 | 269 | 0 | 0 | 314 | 198 |
| Arizona | 22 | 14 | 12 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 3,424 | 2,960 | 1,159 | 1,152 | 0 | 7 | 1,801 | 1,047 |
| Utah | 14 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 396 | 348 | 186 | 186 | 0 | 0 | 162 | 170 |
| Nevada | 33 | 17 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 1,345 | 1,111 | 542 | 392 | 150 | 0 | 569 | 762 |
| Mountain | 136 | 70 | 61 | 5 | 4 | 66 | 7,808 | 6,648 | 3,040 | 2,692 | 329 | 19 | 3,608 | 3,281 |
| Washington | 113 | 79 | 74 | 1 | 4 | 34 | 5,793 | 5,034 | 3,163 | 2,619 | 5 | 539 | 1,871 | 4,031 |
| Oregon | 39 | 18 | 15 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 1,960 | 1,657 | 917 | 722 | 69 | 126 | 740 | 1,150 |
| California | 304 | 158 | 149 | 3 | 6 | 146 | 29,663 | 24,243 | 11,680 | 10,203 | 932 | 545 | 12,563 | 14,186 |
| Alaska | 32 | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 1,543 | 1,256 | 622 | 590 | 32 | 0 | 634 | 823 |
| Hawaii | 25 | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 653 | 567 | 244 | 224 | 0 | 20 | 323 | 285 |
| Guam | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 0 |
| Pacific | 514 | 280 | 260 | 7 | 13 | 234 | 39,652 | 32,786 | 16,626 | 14,358 | 1,038 | 1,230 | 16,160 | 20,475 |
| Puerto Rico | 56 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 20 | 29 | 3,547 | 2,934 | 1,245 | 416 | 0 | 829 | 1,689 | 803 |
| Virgin Islands | 9 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 388 | 325 | 179 | 177 | 0 | 2 | 146 | 257 |
| Outlying Areas | 65 | 33 | 12 | 0 | 21 | 32 | 3,935 | 3,259 | 1,424 | 593 | 0 | 831 | 1,835 | 1,060 |
| Total, all States and area | 3,075 | 1,550 | 1,352 | 63 | 135 | 1,525 | 217,599 | 189,008 | 91,044 | 78,418 | 4,849 | 7,777 | 97,964 | 93,285 |
780 of 808 figures sit in a row or column sum that works out. 2 cells break a sum: 'Florida', column 10: prints 2,986, columns 11 to 13 add to 156; 'Florida', column 9: prints 3,141, the subtotals in columns 10 to 14 add to 6,010.
p. 155. The table has 15 printed columns (stub plus 14 numeric columns) under two heading levels; the division-total rows (New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central) are indented in the stub but carry full data and are transcribed as ordinary rows. The crop ends after the West North Central total line and the table clearly continues onto following pages (remaining census divisions are not shown). The stub heading carries a raised footnote marker 1 ("Division and State^1"), but no footnote text is printed within this crop, so `footnotes` is empty. Doubtful/ambiguous cells: New York, "Other local unions" under elections won — printed as "23" followed by a stray dash-like mark at the right of the cell; transcribed as 23, which is consistent with the Middle Atlantic total of 44 (23+8+13). Massachusetts, "Number of employees eligible to vote" (4,761) has a stray underscore-like mark after it, treated as a scan artifact, not a marker. Connecticut, "Other national unions" under elections won, shows a faint dot before the 0; Connecticut and Ohio also show stray specks in the valid-votes columns, all treated as noise. South Dakota's "Eligible employees in units choosing representation" value of 16 looks anomalously small next to 405 valid votes cast, but it is what is printed and it is consistent with the West North Central column total of 5,641. All printed division totals were checked against the sums of their member states across all 14 numeric columns and every one agrees as transcribed; no misprints detected. The table caption at the top is largely illegible in this crop and is omitted per instructions.
p. 156. Crop coverage: this is a continuation page showing the South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central and (partial) Mountain divisions. The Mountain division ends at Nevada with no division total row printed on this crop, and no footnote text appears below the table, although the stub heading carries a raised "1" marker whose text must be printed elsewhere. Doubtful row - Florida: as printed/legible in this scan the six cells from "Number of employees eligible to vote" through "Other local unions" read 6,165 | 3,141 | 2,986 | 1 | 1 | 154, and I have transcribed them that way, but this row is internally inconsistent and inconsistent with the South Atlantic total line: 2,986 is not 1 + 1 + 154, and 2,986 + 3,024 is not 3,141. Every other South Atlantic column foots exactly to the printed total, and the four affected columns foot only if Florida's values are read one column to the right, i.e. eligible to vote 6,375, total valid votes cast 6,165, valid votes cast for unions total 3,141, AFL-CIO unions 2,986, other national unions 1, other local unions 154 (then 2,986 + 1 + 154 = 3,141 and 3,141 + 3,024 = 6,165, and the column sums give exactly the printed 20,933 / 18,975 / 8,896 / 7,634 / 608 / 654). I have not applied that correction, since the rule is to transcribe as printed, but treat these six Florida cells as unreliable: either the source line is misset or the scan resolution defeated my reading of it. Stray marks (transcribed without them): North Carolina, "won by unions - Total" column, shows a small raised dot or speck immediately before 12; I read the value as 12, which is consistent with 12 + 9 = 21 total elections and with the column total 148. Idaho, "Valid votes cast for unions - Other local unions" column, shows a small mark immediately after 3; I read the value as 3, consistent with 156 + 76 + 3 = 235. Apart from the Florida row, every row and every division total on this crop satisfies the table's internal identities (won + no representative = total elections; AFL-CIO + other national + other local = total; union votes + no-union votes = total valid votes cast), and all four division totals foot exactly, so the column assignments elsewhere are well corroborated.
p. 157. This is a continuation page: it begins mid-table with the "Mountain" division total (the Mountain division's member states appear on the preceding page), so the Mountain line here is a division subtotal with no state rows above it on this crop. Column 8 ("Total valid votes cast") of the "Total, all States and area" row is printed with what looks like a doubled comma, "189,,008". The digits are unambiguous and the second mark appears to be a typesetting/scan artifact, so the cell is transcribed as "189,008"; this is confirmed by the row identity 91,044 + 97,964 = 189,008. The final row label reads "Total, all States and area" (singular "area") as printed; comparable NLRB tables use "areas", so this may be a misprint, but it is transcribed as it appears. Arithmetic cross-checks all pass, which supports the column assignment: for every state and subtotal row, Total won = AFL-CIO + Other national + Other local; Total elections = Total won + No representative chosen; Valid votes for unions Total = its three components; and Valid votes for unions + Total votes for no union = Total valid votes cast. The Pacific and Outlying Areas subtotals equal the sums of their member rows in all 14 numeric columns. Small stray ink specks appear in the stub column (left of "Division and State") and in the leader-dot areas of the Oregon and Outlying Areas rows; they are not footnote markers or digits.
Source data: U.S. NLRB Annual Reports (public domain). Reconstruction by NLRB Stats Archive. Read by claude-opus-5 (effort max, prompt extract_v1) from the 300-dpi scan; stitched by page. Updated October 2026.