NLRB Stats Archive › Annual Reports › FY1988 › Geographic Distribution of Collective-Bargaining Elections Held in Cases Closed, Fiscal Year 1988
Stitched from pp. 243–245.
| Division and State | Total elections | Number of elections in which representation rights were won by unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Valid votes cast for unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division and State | Total elections | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Teamsters | Other national unions | Other local unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Teamsters | Other national unions | Other local unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation |
| Maine | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 281 | 267 | 151 | 69 | 25 | 57 | 0 | 116 | 222 |
| New Hampshire | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 775 | 730 | 298 | 135 | 163 | 0 | 0 | 432 | 73 |
| Vermont | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 386 | 333 | 135 | 105 | 4 | 5 | 21 | 198 | 28 |
| Massachusetts | 83 | 45 | 25 | 16 | 2 | 2 | 38 | 6,076 | 5,212 | 2,451 | 1,905 | 263 | 144 | 139 | 2,761 | 2,418 |
| Rhode Island | 16 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 1,968 | 1,738 | 822 | 633 | 159 | 18 | 12 | 916 | 518 |
| Connecticut | 57 | 33 | 12 | 13 | 2 | 6 | 24 | 2,197 | 2,005 | 1,072 | 352 | 279 | 190 | 251 | 933 | 1,296 |
| New England | 178 | 95 | 46 | 31 | 8 | 10 | 83 | 11,683 | 10,285 | 4,929 | 3,199 | 893 | 414 | 423 | 5,356 | 4,555 |
| New York | 277 | 150 | 104 | 27 | 1 | 18 | 127 | 15,378 | 12,076 | 6,814 | 4,185 | 1,246 | 138 | 1,245 | 5,262 | 8,904 |
| New Jersey | 130 | 62 | 36 | 17 | 2 | 7 | 68 | 8,409 | 7,008 | 3,504 | 2,015 | 736 | 109 | 644 | 3,504 | 3,381 |
| Pennsylvania | 213 | 97 | 65 | 21 | 3 | 8 | 116 | 13,031 | 11,536 | 5,763 | 3,552 | 792 | 172 | 1,247 | 5,773 | 5,089 |
| Middle Atlantic | 620 | 309 | 205 | 65 | 6 | 33 | 311 | 36,818 | 30,620 | 16,081 | 9,752 | 2,774 | 419 | 3,136 | 14,539 | 17,374 |
| Ohio | 206 | 96 | 59 | 27 | 7 | 3 | 110 | 14,804 | 13,480 | 6,682 | 4,832 | 1,021 | 459 | 370 | 6,798 | 5,269 |
| Indiana | 97 | 50 | 30 | 15 | 0 | 5 | 47 | 5,355 | 5,148 | 2,533 | 1,767 | 486 | 0 | 280 | 2,615 | 2,141 |
| Illinois | 238 | 118 | 67 | 27 | 9 | 15 | 120 | 10,043 | 8,903 | 4,679 | 2,366 | 760 | 858 | 695 | 4,224 | 4,236 |
| Michigan | 218 | 113 | 70 | 30 | 8 | 5 | 105 | 13,007 | 11,243 | 5,289 | 4,041 | 819 | 114 | 315 | 5,954 | 4,796 |
| Wisconsin | 78 | 45 | 30 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 33 | 4,485 | 4,060 | 1,978 | 1,250 | 487 | 26 | 215 | 2,082 | 1,469 |
| East North Central | 837 | 422 | 256 | 112 | 24 | 30 | 415 | 47,694 | 42,834 | 21,161 | 14,256 | 3,573 | 1,457 | 1,875 | 21,673 | 17,911 |
| Iowa | 63 | 40 | 25 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 23 | 1,287 | 1,079 | 660 | 394 | 247 | 0 | 19 | 419 | 677 |
| Minnesota | 91 | 45 | 28 | 13 | 0 | 4 | 46 | 4,749 | 4,126 | 1,894 | 1,164 | 613 | 0 | 117 | 2,232 | 1,608 |
| Missouri | 100 | 48 | 29 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 52 | 5,220 | 4,671 | 1,739 | 1,324 | 372 | 11 | 32 | 2,932 | 1,093 |
| North Dakota | 4 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99 | 92 | 65 | 65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 99 |
| South Dakota | 6 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 188 | 184 | 96 | 94 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 88 | 69 |
| Nebraska | 20 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 633 | 587 | 262 | 190 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 325 | 178 |
| Kansas | 31 | 14 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 1,656 | 1,412 | 575 | 295 | 154 | 0 | 126 | 837 | 377 |
| West North Central | 315 | 166 | 104 | 51 | 2 | 9 | 149 | 13,832 | 12,151 | 5,291 | 3,526 | 1,460 | 11 | 294 | 6,860 | 4,101 |
| Delaware | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 353 | 333 | 159 | 111 | 48 | 0 | 0 | 174 | 135 |
| Maryland | 35 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 20 | 2,406 | 2,100 | 856 | 314 | 76 | 211 | 255 | 1,244 | 438 |
| District of Columbia | 8 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 489 | 375 | 229 | 126 | 1 | 0 | 102 | 146 | 240 |
| Virginia | 39 | 20 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 2,657 | 2,473 | 1,237 | 895 | 302 | 39 | 1 | 1,236 | 1,637 |
| West Virginia | 44 | 21 | 12 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 23 | 2,555 | 2,357 | 1,105 | 941 | 109 | 50 | 5 | 1,252 | 890 |
| North Carolina | 40 | 19 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 6,472 | 5,888 | 2,427 | 2,119 | 213 | 95 | 0 | 3,461 | 2,084 |
| South Carolina | 18 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1,709 | 1,575 | 641 | 552 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 934 | 281 |
| Georgia | 52 | 25 | 21 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 27 | 6,261 | 5,703 | 2,331 | 1,872 | 246 | 4 | 209 | 3,372 | 1,700 |
| Florida | 94 | 35 | 29 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 59 | 4,663 | 4,433 | 1,997 | 1,472 | 401 | 8 | 116 | 2,436 | 1,498 |
| South Atlantic | 334 | 146 | 100 | 32 | 6 | 8 | 188 | 27,565 | 25,237 | 10,982 | 8,402 | 1,485 | 407 | 688 | 14,255 | 8,903 |
| Kentucky | 52 | 23 | 9 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 29 | 3,551 | 3,270 | 1,536 | 914 | 217 | 215 | 190 | 1,734 | 1,185 |
| Tennessee | 82 | 34 | 19 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 48 | 11,012 | 10,367 | 4,689 | 3,858 | 636 | 0 | 195 | 5,678 | 3,936 |
| Alabama | 60 | 30 | 22 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 30 | 3,768 | 3,419 | 1,781 | 1,338 | 101 | 37 | 305 | 1,638 | 1,773 |
| Mississippi | 26 | 18 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 4,437 | 3,981 | 2,213 | 1,944 | 155 | 94 | 20 | 1,768 | 2,832 |
| East South Central | 220 | 105 | 64 | 29 | 2 | 10 | 115 | 22,768 | 21,037 | 10,219 | 8,054 | 1,109 | 346 | 710 | 10,818 | 9,726 |
| Arkansas | 18 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 1,819 | 1,657 | 772 | 729 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 885 | 247 |
| Louisiana | 17 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 584 | 450 | 290 | 228 | 49 | 0 | 13 | 160 | 385 |
| Oklahoma | 27 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1,680 | 1,593 | 815 | 689 | 44 | 82 | 0 | 778 | 1,045 |
| Texas | 70 | 40 | 24 | 10 | 0 | 6 | 30 | 5,661 | 5,094 | 2,625 | 1,763 | 423 | 0 | 439 | 2,469 | 3,067 |
| West South Central | 132 | 75 | 52 | 16 | 0 | 7 | 57 | 9,744 | 8,794 | 4,502 | 3,409 | 559 | 82 | 452 | 4,292 | 4,744 |
| Montana | 26 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 965 | 769 | 304 | 163 | 48 | 93 | 0 | 465 | 214 |
| Idaho | 11 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 273 | 224 | 131 | 86 | 15 | 0 | 30 | 93 | 143 |
| Wyoming | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 800 | 721 | 359 | 33 | 0 | 156 | 170 | 362 | 335 |
| Colorado | 45 | 20 | 13 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 2,217 | 1,891 | 822 | 612 | 92 | 5 | 113 | 1,069 | 594 |
| New Mexico | 12 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 864 | 811 | 430 | 253 | 87 | 0 | 90 | 381 | 382 |
| Arizona | 39 | 23 | 18 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 2,529 | 2,015 | 904 | 809 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 1,111 | 783 |
| Utah | 15 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 643 | 582 | 208 | 168 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 374 | 36 |
| Nevada | 27 | 14 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 875 | 728 | 465 | 265 | 143 | 0 | 57 | 263 | 542 |
| Mountain | 180 | 86 | 59 | 20 | 1 | 6 | 94 | 9,166 | 7,741 | 3,623 | 2,389 | 520 | 254 | 460 | 4,118 | 3,029 |
| Washington | 102 | 48 | 23 | 21 | 0 | 4 | 54 | 3,560 | 2,961 | 1,573 | 693 | 602 | 136 | 142 | 1,388 | 1,661 |
| Oregon | 67 | 33 | 22 | 6 | 0 | 5 | 34 | 3,991 | 3,540 | 1,867 | 1,386 | 127 | 38 | 316 | 1,673 | 1,994 |
| California | 451 | 213 | 125 | 67 | 7 | 14 | 238 | 21,249 | 17,810 | 8,874 | 4,989 | 2,865 | 347 | 673 | 8,936 | 10,247 |
| Alaska | 18 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 624 | 502 | 265 | 205 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 237 | 355 |
| Hawaii | 26 | 14 | 6 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 12 | 1,345 | 1,136 | 577 | 294 | 55 | 187 | 41 | 559 | 414 |
| Guam | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pacific | 664 | 317 | 183 | 96 | 14 | 24 | 347 | 30,769 | 25,949 | 13,156 | 7,567 | 3,709 | 708 | 1,172 | 12,793 | 14,671 |
| Puerto Rico | 27 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 12 | 1,317 | 1,135 | 605 | 245 | 145 | 0 | 215 | 530 | 511 |
| Virgin Islands | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 82 | 68 | 12 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 56 | 0 |
| Outlying Areas | 29 | 15 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 14 | 1,399 | 1,203 | 617 | 257 | 145 | 0 | 215 | 586 | 511 |
| Total, all States and areas | 3,509 | 1,736 | 1,074 | 456 | 63 | 143 | 1,773 | 211,438 | 185,851 | 90,561 | 60,811 | 16,227 | 4,098 | 9,425 | 95,290 | 85,525 |
916 of 916 figures sit in a row or column sum that works out.
p. 243. The crop ends just below the "West North Central" subtotal row; the table continues (remaining divisions/states and the grand total) on the part of the page not shown, and the text of footnote 1 attached to the stub heading "Division and State" is not printed within the crop, so `footnotes` is empty. The stub heading carries a raised 1 ("Division and State^1"). The printed heading for column 7 reads "Number · of elections in which no representative was chosen" with a stray typographic dot after "Number"; it is transcribed as the joined phrase without that dot. Row labels are followed by leader dots of varying length (e.g. "New England. ... ... ..."), which have been dropped. All internal arithmetic checks pass: in every row the won-by-union components sum to the won-by-union total, that total plus the no-representative column equals total elections, the union vote components sum to the union vote total, and union votes plus votes for no union equal total valid votes cast — so no misprints are suspected.
p. 244. This is a continuation page: the body begins mid-table with Delaware (the East North Central / Mountain divisions before and after are on adjacent pages), and the crop ends at Utah, whose line is the last fully printed row — the Mountain division subtotal and any remaining states and the footnote text are cut off below. The stub heading carries a raised 1 ("Division and State^1"), but no footnote text is printed on this crop, so `footnotes` is empty. The three division lines (South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central) are subtotal rows set off by rules; they are transcribed as ordinary labelled rows. Stray ink on the scan that is NOT part of any value: a small dot to the left of "335" in the Wyoming row (Eligible employees in units choosing representation), a dot after the "0" in the New Mexico row (Other national unions), and a dot to the left of "12" in the Utah row (Number of elections in which no representative was chosen). These are leftover leader dots / speckle, not digits or footnote markers. Utah's last cell (Eligible employees in units choosing representation) reads "36"; the bottom edge of the crop clips the lower part of that line, so I cannot rule out a third digit, though "36" is what is legible. All other arithmetic cross-checks hold: each row's "Valid votes cast for unions — Total" equals the sum of its four union columns, each division subtotal equals the sum of its states, and the scanned dotless "i" in the heading "Valıd votes cast for unions" is transcribed as "Valid".
p. 245. 17 columns: stub, "Total elections", five columns under "Number of elections in which representation rights were won by unions", three tall single columns, five columns under "Valid votes cast for unions", then "Total votes for no union" and "Eligible employees in units choosing representation". This is a continuation page: the body opens with "Nevada", the last State of the Mountain division, whose earlier States are on the preceding page; the "Mountain" line here is that division's subtotal. The column headings are reprinted on this page, so they are transcribed. The footnote line is clipped by the bottom edge of the crop — the descenders are cut but every word is still legible; it is transcribed in full as read. A stray ink dot sits above the right-hand "Total votes for no union" heading and before the second "AFL-CIO unions" heading; both are printing artifacts, not footnote markers, and are omitted. Row labels "Pacific", "Outlying Areas" and "Total, all States and areas" are followed by scattered leader dots, which are dropped. All internal arithmetic (division subtotals, union breakdowns summing to their "Total", and union votes plus no-union votes equalling total valid votes) checks out as printed, which supports the digit reading.
Source data: U.S. NLRB Annual Reports (public domain). Reconstruction by NLRB Stats Archive. Read by claude-opus-5 (effort max, prompt extract_v1) from the 300-dpi scan; stitched by page. Updated October 2026.