NLRB Stats Archive › Annual Reports › FY1978 › Geographic Distribution of Representation Elections Held in Cases Closed, Fiscal Year 1978
Stitched from pp. 285–286.
| Division and State | Total elections | Number of elections in which representation rights were won by unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Valid votes cast for union | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Division and State | Total elections | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Teamsters | Other national unions | Other local unions | Number of elections in which no representative was chosen | Number of employees eligible to vote | Total valid votes cast | Total | AFL-CIO unions | Teamsters | Other national unions | Other local unions | Total votes for no union | Eligible employees in units choosing representation |
| Maine | 44 | 14 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 4,097 | 3,695 | 1,375 | 1,045 | 159 | 0 | 171 | 2,320 | 244 |
| New Hampshire | 18 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1,130 | 1,041 | 387 | 352 | 35 | 0 | 0 | 654 | 146 |
| Vermont | 16 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 972 | 921 | 347 | 211 | 58 | 16 | 62 | 574 | 279 |
| Massachusetts | 243 | 104 | 45 | 45 | 3 | 11 | 139 | 14,396 | 12,687 | 5,094 | 2,716 | 1,355 | 549 | 474 | 7,593 | 2,802 |
| Rhode Island | 33 | 18 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 5,059 | 4,651 | 1,704 | 1,345 | 187 | 28 | 144 | 2,947 | 506 |
| Connecticut | 100 | 45 | 24 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 55 | 5,781 | 4,952 | 2,231 | 1,341 | 452 | 152 | 286 | 2,721 | 1,708 |
| New England | 454 | 200 | 101 | 68 | 10 | 21 | 254 | 31,435 | 27,947 | 11,138 | 7,010 | 2,246 | 745 | 1,137 | 16,809 | 5,685 |
| New York | 598 | 294 | 183 | 53 | 27 | 31 | 304 | 30,645 | 26,409 | 14,341 | 6,885 | 2,124 | 2,440 | 2,892 | 12,068 | 14,804 |
| New Jersey | 352 | 167 | 80 | 48 | 11 | 28 | 185 | 17,696 | 15,468 | 7,706 | 3,979 | 2,249 | 426 | 1,052 | 7,762 | 8,404 |
| Pennsylvania | 510 | 212 | 123 | 61 | 15 | 13 | 298 | 33,276 | 29,363 | 14,601 | 7,359 | 2,608 | 3,069 | 1,565 | 14,762 | 12,421 |
| Middle Atlantic | 1,460 | 673 | 386 | 162 | 53 | 72 | 787 | 81,617 | 71,240 | 36,648 | 18,223 | 6,981 | 5,935 | 5,509 | 34,592 | 35,629 |
| Ohio | 519 | 235 | 136 | 79 | 13 | 7 | 284 | 28,355 | 25,858 | 10,941 | 6,878 | 1,806 | 1,751 | 506 | 14,917 | 7,867 |
| Indiana | 249 | 111 | 64 | 33 | 10 | 4 | 138 | 17,134 | 15,266 | 8,414 | 5,163 | 703 | 1,342 | 1,206 | 6,852 | 7,784 |
| Illinois | 436 | 202 | 107 | 69 | 14 | 12 | 234 | 19,978 | 17,283 | 7,604 | 4,987 | 1,549 | 694 | 374 | 9,679 | 6,174 |
| Michigan | 476 | 231 | 104 | 58 | 41 | 28 | 245 | 23,234 | 20,284 | 10,941 | 3,782 | 1,334 | 3,464 | 2,361 | 9,343 | 11,275 |
| Wisconsin | 211 | 94 | 50 | 35 | 3 | 6 | 117 | 12,078 | 10,755 | 4,892 | 3,356 | 974 | 323 | 239 | 5,863 | 3,584 |
| East North Central | 1,891 | 873 | 461 | 274 | 81 | 57 | 1,018 | 100,799 | 89,446 | 42,792 | 24,166 | 6,366 | 7,574 | 4,686 | 46,654 | 36,684 |
| Iowa | 104 | 47 | 26 | 16 | 4 | 1 | 57 | 5,234 | 4,801 | 2,152 | 1,005 | 280 | 853 | 14 | 2,649 | 1,490 |
| Minnesota | 192 | 90 | 49 | 31 | 9 | 1 | 102 | 7,162 | 6,431 | 2,911 | 1,707 | 897 | 296 | 11 | 3,520 | 2,349 |
| Missouri | 198 | 105 | 46 | 48 | 8 | 3 | 93 | 6,638 | 5,801 | 2,939 | 1,875 | 733 | 180 | 151 | 2,862 | 2,562 |
| North Dakota | 31 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 639 | 561 | 289 | 143 | 123 | 0 | 23 | 272 | 177 |
| South Dakota | 18 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 860 | 768 | 253 | 207 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 515 | 134 |
| Nebraska | 44 | 23 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 1,954 | 1,567 | 644 | 531 | 104 | 6 | 3 | 923 | 592 |
| Kansas | 61 | 21 | 13 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 40 | 2,173 | 1,932 | 787 | 541 | 231 | 15 | 0 | 1,145 | 447 |
| West North Central | 648 | 307 | 163 | 115 | 23 | 6 | 341 | 24,660 | 21,861 | 9,975 | 6,009 | 2,414 | 1,350 | 202 | 11,886 | 7,751 |
| Delaware | 20 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 1,421 | 1,297 | 642 | 511 | 71 | 60 | 0 | 655 | 824 |
| Maryland | 156 | 53 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 2 | 103 | 8,009 | 7,110 | 2,860 | 1,955 | 704 | 73 | 128 | 4,250 | 1,610 |
| District of Columbia | 32 | 17 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 2,006 | 1,532 | 822 | 517 | 13 | 0 | 292 | 710 | 1,255 |
| Virginia | 102 | 50 | 38 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 52 | 8,157 | 7,413 | 3,549 | 2,610 | 312 | 589 | 38 | 3,864 | 3,399 |
| West Virginia | 73 | 37 | 22 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 36 | 4,563 | 3,838 | 2,219 | 1,367 | 269 | 365 | 218 | 1,619 | 1,974 |
| North Carolina | 101 | 31 | 16 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 70 | 13,269 | 12,146 | 5,680 | 3,699 | 1,956 | 25 | 0 | 6,466 | 4,912 |
| South Carolina | 34 | 13 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 3,252 | 2,984 | 1,297 | 1,151 | 133 | 0 | 13 | 1,687 | 1,055 |
| Georgia | 143 | 59 | 47 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 84 | 12,503 | 11,425 | 5,125 | 3,636 | 1,385 | 104 | 0 | 6,300 | 4,030 |
| Florida | 151 | 54 | 31 | 21 | 1 | 1 | 97 | 7,718 | 6,858 | 2,893 | 1,827 | 786 | 167 | 113 | 3,965 | 2,851 |
| South Atlantic | 812 | 325 | 206 | 97 | 15 | 7 | 487 | 60,898 | 54,603 | 25,087 | 17,273 | 5,629 | 1,383 | 802 | 29,516 | 21,910 |
| Kentucky | 119 | 55 | 25 | 19 | 9 | 2 | 64 | 10,502 | 9,512 | 4,057 | 1,779 | 1,459 | 723 | 96 | 5,455 | 2,715 |
| Tennessee | 151 | 68 | 44 | 20 | 2 | 2 | 83 | 11,276 | 10,357 | 4,863 | 3,404 | 1,230 | 189 | 40 | 5,494 | 3,917 |
| Alabama | 104 | 53 | 42 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 51 | 13,817 | 12,518 | 6,006 | 4,894 | 479 | 451 | 182 | 6,512 | 5,155 |
| Mississippi | 59 | 30 | 26 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 5,887 | 5,462 | 2,775 | 2,663 | 112 | 0 | 0 | 2,687 | 2,790 |
| East South Central | 433 | 206 | 137 | 49 | 16 | 4 | 227 | 41,482 | 37,849 | 17,701 | 12,740 | 3,280 | 1,363 | 318 | 20,148 | 14,577 |
| Arkansas | 73 | 31 | 22 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 42 | 7,454 | 6,769 | 2,949 | 1,995 | 572 | 382 | 0 | 3,820 | 2,281 |
| Louisiana | 77 | 31 | 17 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 46 | 5,195 | 4,755 | 2,260 | 1,468 | 385 | 325 | 82 | 2,495 | 2,285 |
| Oklahoma | 80 | 36 | 25 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 44 | 4,216 | 3,840 | 1,573 | 788 | 219 | 557 | 9 | 2,267 | 984 |
| Texas | 236 | 121 | 79 | 27 | 6 | 9 | 115 | 24,342 | 21,525 | 10,262 | 6,245 | 1,729 | 547 | 1,741 | 11,263 | 8,611 |
| West South Central | 466 | 219 | 143 | 51 | 13 | 12 | 247 | 41,207 | 36,889 | 17,044 | 10,496 | 2,905 | 1,811 | 1,832 | 19,845 | 14,161 |
| Montana | 50 | 24 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 26 | 1,826 | 1,594 | 782 | 363 | 141 | 0 | 278 | 812 | 836 |
| Idaho | 40 | 15 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 2,537 | 2,343 | 927 | 427 | 500 | 0 | 0 | 1,416 | 452 |
| Wyoming | 17 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 749 | 663 | 405 | 243 | 0 | 162 | 0 | 258 | 442 |
| Colorado | 109 | 53 | 39 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 56 | 4,005 | 3,546 | 1,582 | 1,290 | 205 | 47 | 40 | 1,964 | 1,351 |
| New Mexico | 53 | 30 | 26 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 1,512 | 1,313 | 700 | 598 | 99 | 3 | 0 | 613 | 932 |
| Arizona | 87 | 47 | 28 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 40 | 5,425 | 4,727 | 2,304 | 1,805 | 440 | 4 | 55 | 2,423 | 2,613 |
| Utah | 27 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 1,107 | 938 | 423 | 293 | 112 | 18 | 0 | 515 | 587 |
| Nevada | 22 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1,066 | 878 | 358 | 277 | 78 | 0 | 3 | 520 | 272 |
| Mountain | 405 | 199 | 135 | 50 | 8 | 6 | 206 | 18,227 | 16,002 | 7,481 | 5,296 | 1,575 | 234 | 376 | 8,521 | 7,485 |
| Washington | 285 | 142 | 71 | 61 | 4 | 6 | 143 | 7,497 | 6,546 | 3,290 | 1,933 | 1,067 | 95 | 195 | 3,256 | 3,406 |
| Oregon | 140 | 61 | 35 | 20 | 1 | 5 | 79 | 5,592 | 4,832 | 2,582 | 1,385 | 410 | 24 | 763 | 2,250 | 2,613 |
| California | 1,048 | 477 | 285 | 146 | 22 | 24 | 571 | 46,565 | 40,651 | 20,541 | 12,247 | 5,049 | 1,708 | 1,537 | 20,110 | 21,508 |
| Alaska | 44 | 19 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 1,789 | 1,509 | 804 | 280 | 451 | 6 | 67 | 705 | 864 |
| Hawaii | 39 | 22 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 17 | 1,593 | 1,374 | 830 | 279 | 218 | 310 | 23 | 544 | 734 |
| Guam | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 160 | 130 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 125 | 0 |
| Pacific | 1,557 | 721 | 415 | 237 | 33 | 36 | 836 | 63,196 | 55,042 | 28,052 | 16,129 | 7,195 | 2,143 | 2,585 | 26,990 | 29,125 |
| Puerto Rico | 100 | 60 | 23 | 2 | 1 | 34 | 40 | 7,694 | 6,200 | 3,067 | 1,171 | 119 | 54 | 1,723 | 3,133 | 3,748 |
| Virgin Islands | 14 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 624 | 484 | 298 | 298 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 186 | 501 |
| Outlying Areas | 114 | 68 | 31 | 2 | 1 | 34 | 46 | 8,318 | 6,684 | 3,365 | 1,469 | 119 | 54 | 1,723 | 3,319 | 4,249 |
| Total, all States and areas | 8,240 | 3,791 | 2,178 | 1,105 | 253 | 255 | 4,449 | 471,819 | 417,563 | 199,283 | 118,811 | 38,710 | 22,592 | 19,170 | 218,280 | 177,256 |
963 of 970 figures sit in a row or column sum that works out. 2 cells break a sum: 'East North Central', column 9: prints 100,799, rows 'Ohio' to 'Wisconsin' add to 100,779; 'Total, all States and areas', column 9: prints 471,819, the subtotals in rows 'New England' to 'Outlying Areas' add to 471,839.
p. 285. Crop is cut off at the bottom: the last printed row is District of Columbia, in the middle of the South Atlantic division block (no division subtotal for it appears here), and the table continues beyond the crop. No footnote text is printed on this crop, although the stub heading carries a raised "1" marker; the note itself must be on a later page. Cross-foot discrepancy (transcribed as printed, not corrected): in the "Number of employees eligible to vote" column, the East North Central subtotal reads 100,799 but the five state entries above it (28,355 + 17,134 + 19,978 + 23,234 + 12,078) sum to 100,779 — a difference of 20. The scan is sharp enough that I read Illinois as 19,978 and the subtotal as 100,799, but one of those two cells is the likely source of the mismatch (either a printing error in the report or a 7/9 digit ambiguity in the scan). Every other row and column cross-foot in the table reconciles exactly: the won-by-unions subcolumns sum to their Total, Total elections = won by unions + no representative chosen, Total valid votes cast = valid votes for union + votes for no union, the union-vote subcolumns sum to their Total, and all four division subtotal rows agree with the sum of their states in every other column. Minnesota, "Other local unions" under "Valid votes cast for union": printed 11 with a small ink speck or broken serif trailing the second digit; read as 11, which is confirmed by the West North Central subtotal of 202 for that column (14 + 11 + 151 + 23 + 0 + 3 + 0 = 202). The scan renders many dotted "i" characters faintly (e.g. "Michigan", "Illinois", "unions" in the headings); these are ordinary type, not markers. Leader dots after state names were dropped as instructed.
p. 286. This crop is a continuation page: no column headings are printed on it, so header_rows is empty. The table has 17 columns (stub plus 16 data columns), counted from the column rules and confirmed on every body row. The crop begins in the middle of the South Atlantic group — the first three States of that group (and all earlier regions) are on the preceding page, so the six States shown do not sum to the printed South Atlantic subtotal. All other regional subtotals in this crop were cross-footed and agree exactly with their member States in all 16 columns (East South Central, West South Central, Mountain, Pacific, Outlying Areas), which independently confirms the digits and the column assignment of every value in those sections. The scan renders some 6 glyphs faintly, which made a few cells ambiguous on first pass; each was resolved by column arithmetic: South Atlantic column 9 is 54,603 (the 6 is broken at the top); Mountain column 9 is 16,002 and column 11 is 5,296; Nevada column 8 is 1,066 and column 15 is 520; East South Central column 2 is 206; Alaska column 13 is 6; Washington column 15 is 3,256. All of these are verified by their regional sums except South Atlantic 54,603, which sits in the section cut by the crop and so could not be cross-footed — it is the one value in the grid read on glyph shape alone. There is a small stray mark at the end of the leader dots on the Arkansas row label. It is a scan artifact in the leader line rather than a footnote marker (no corresponding footnote is printed), so it is not transcribed. Nothing was computed, rounded or corrected; the arithmetic above was used only to disambiguate damaged glyphs, and no printed total was found to disagree with its components.
Source data: U.S. NLRB Annual Reports (public domain). Reconstruction by NLRB Stats Archive. Read by claude-opus-5 (effort max, prompt extract_v1) from the 300-dpi scan; stitched by page. Updated October 2026.